Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F (180 degrees C). Season salmon with Italian seasoning.
Add salmon, feta block, bell peppers, carrots, mushrooms, cherry tomatoes, and spinach to a sheet pan or other oven-safe pan. Drizzle with olive oil.
Bake in the preheated oven until salmon flakes easily with a fork, 20 to 25 minutes.
Meanwhile, bring a large pot of salted water to a boil and cook penne until tender with a bite, about 11 minutes. Drain and set aside.
Remove salmon and vegetables from the oven. While everything is still hot, use a fork to blend feta with salmon and vegetables, being careful to keep salmon in at least bite-sized chunks. Use caution smashing tomatoes; juice may splatter.
Add pasta and combine well. Garnish with sun-dried tomatoes and Parmesan cheese.